In group a, the examination of csf was limited to gross evaluation colour, viscosity and determination of the red blood cell count using a neubauer haemocytometer. Pdf lumbar puncture is frequently performed in primary care. Cerebrospinal fluid csf is a clear, colorless liquid found in your brain and spinal cord. It is produced by specialised ependymal cells in the choroid plexuses of the ventricles of the brain, and absorbed in the arachnoid granulations. In group b, samples were grossly evaluated and the protein concentration and white blood cell count including differentiation were determined. Examination of cerebrospinal fluid examination of csf is one of basic approaches contributing to diagnostics of neurological disorders. Sc in mlsperadeniya lecturerprobationary department of medical lboratory sciences. Laboratory tests that may be performed on csf include, but are not limited to, macroscopic evaluation, microscopic evaluation of cell count and type, chemical analysis, microbiology cultures, and immunologic and molecular analyses. Back to previous page lab section category clinical biochemistry click here to find out more about the writeup. As csf and extracellular space of brain are in continuity, analysis of csf provides information about the normal and pathological state of cns function. The csf is taken most often by lumbar puncture 3x5 ml, between l4l5 or s1. Clarridge iii1,2,4 department of pathology,1 department of microbiology and. This video describes the process of examination of cerebrospinal fluid including sample collection, storage, transportation, gross examination and csf cell c.
Results shows a good correlation between the ufi and the microscopic examination. A new method for the cytological examination of the cerebrospinal fluid. Diagnosis of neurosyphilis by examination cerebrospinal fluid. Nearly every section of the laboratory can be involved in the evaluation of cerebrospinal.
A guide to neurological examination pdf file downloads. Currently, visual assessment of csf, microscopic examination for pathologic cells, and biochemical analysis for. Examination of cerebrospinal fluid csf it is a clear, colorless fluid formed in the ventricles of the brain mainly by choroid plexus an interlaced structure or meshwork of tiny small blood vessels in the lateral third and fourth ventricles. Centrifugation a sedimentation centrifuge the cyto chambers for 3 minutes at 275 x g this corresponds to 1,500 min1 with the 6place rotor and 1,700 min1 with the 4place rotor. Macroscopic examinationmacroscopic examination normal csf appearance is crystal clear and colourless pathological processes can cause fluid to appear cloudy, turbid, bloody, viscous, or clotted. This evaluation encompasses many disciplines, involves multiple steps. Cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed normal protein. Lumbar puncture is frequently performed in primary care. Commonly performed tests on csf include protein and glucose levels, cell counts and differential, microscopic examination, and culture.
Broadbased and extensively illustrated, cerebrospinal fluid in clinical practice provides indepth coverage of csf examination and analysis, csf physiology and pathophysiology, approach to diagnosis, and future directions in csf analysis. These images are a random sampling from a bing search on the term cerebrospinal fluid examination. Cerebrospinal fluid csf analysis is a classic tool for diag. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in infectious diseases of the. Lumbar puncture procedure patient usually lie on a bed on side lateral recumbent position with knees pulled up against the chest. Examination of cerebrospinal fluid in group a, the examination of csf was limited to gross evaluation colour, viscosity and determination of the red blood cell count using a neubauer haemocytometer. Ppt cerebrospinal fluid powerpoint presentation free. Examination of cerebrospinal fluid basic color numberofelements anderythrocytes totalprotein glucose lactate spectrophotometry 360600 nm others albumin csf,s albumin quotient igg, igm csf, s igquotient oligoclonaligg specificproteins. Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid csf may provide critically important diagnostic information in a number of infectious and noninfectious medical conditions.
Properly interpreted tests can make cerebrospinal fluid csf a key tool in the. Introduction cerebrospinal fluid clear, colorless transparent,tissue fluid present in the cerebral ventricles, spinalcanal and subarachnoid spaces. The patient was infused with ivig total 2 gkg, which resulted in dramatic improvement of the right shoulder and wrist and the left hand. The real barrier to csf analysis was its accessibility, and formal examination of csf started with the develop. Cerebrospinal fluid csf analysis procedure, test, blood, tube. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid competently about health. Many urgent and lifethreatening conditions require immediate and accurate knowledge of the nature of the csf. This page includes the following topics and synonyms.
Microscopic examination and broth culture of cerebrospinal fluid in diagnosis of meningitis sherry a. Routine cerebrospinal fluid csf examination bears revisiting as the body of knowledge has expanded and numerous new analytes touted as potential markers of cns central nervous system diseases have emerged. Examination of cerebrospinal fluid presentation mode. This effect was maximal in 10 days and stabilized for 2 weeks, but the patients strength worsened again. Laboratory surveillance of viral meningitis by examination of cerebrospinal fluid in cape town, 19819 volume 111 issue 2 j. The examination has been perfected over many decades thanks to our french and german founding fathers. Properly interpreted tests can make cerebrospinal fluid csf a key tool in the diagnosis of a variety of diseases. We collected 93 cerebrospinal fluid samples and compared the results of the ufibf mode with the fastread 102 disposable counting cell.
There were 56 instances of bacterial or fungal meningitis 16 associated with central nervous system cns shunt infection, four infections adjacent to the. Endolumbal administration of antibiotics and other. Haematology cerebrospinal fluid analysis laboratory. Tumani 7 1nnsbr i uck mdical e uersitv anusti, yia. Proper evaluation of csf depends on knowing which tests to order, normal ranges for the patients age, and the tests limitations. In our study, neonates and elderly presented with relatively nonspecific symptoms while older. Microscopic examination and broth culture of cerebrospinal. Cerebrospinal fluid csf analysis is a set of laboratory tests that examine a sample of the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The csf sample must be delivered to the laboratory as soon. The cerebrospinal fluid for investigation is obtained by puncturing the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord spinal puncture. Diagnostic importance of cerebrospinal fluid in pathognomic condition 442 sr. Formed primarily in the ventricles of the brain, the cerebrospinal fluid supports the brain and provides lubrication between surrounding bones and the brain and spinal cord.
Cerebrospinal fluid csf, clear, colourless liquid that fills and surrounds the brain and the spinal cord and provides a mechanical barrier against shock. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that. The first lumbar puncture or lp was performed in 1891 by quincke for the collection of the sample of cerebrospinal fluid. Cerebrospinal fluid csf analysis is a way of looking for conditions that affect your brain and spine. Meningitis can be lifethreatening because of the inflammations proximity to the brain and spinal cord.
However, on rare occasions, certain harmful consequences may result from a spinal puncture. Cytologic examination of cerebrospinal fluid csf plays an integral role in the evaluation and prognosis of myriad conditions involving the central nervous system, including malignancy and. This chapter discusses the csf collection sites and techniques, cell counts and csf cytology, and highlights the aspects of haemorrhage and non. The brain and spinal cord make up your central nervous system. Suspicion of infectious disease of the central nervous system. Biochemical and cytological examination of cerebrospinal fluid. Cerebrospinal fluid csf analysis and interpretation in neurocritical care for acute neurological conditions.
Cerebrospinal fluid examination findings are normal protein level less than 60 mgdl, fewer than five white blood cells per mm 3 in more than 85% of patients. Cerebrospinal fluid csf analysis and interpretation in. A cerebrospinal fluid csf analysis is a group of tests that help diagnose diseases and conditions affecting the brain and spinal cord. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Its a series of lab tests performed on a sample of csf. Cerebrospinal fluid csf collection and laboratory analysis is indicated in the investigation of disease processes involving the meninges, nerve roots or the central nervous system cns. Slide preparation of cerebrospinal fluid for cytological examination 4. Almost no blood cells, little protein and more salt 3. The clarity of the fluid is of little clinical use, except to provide an immediate indication of abnormality of the csf. Spinal puncture and cerebrospinal fluid examination. There is about 125ml of csf at any one time, and about 500 ml is generated every day. Your central nervous system controls and coordinates everything you do including, muscle movement, organ function, and even complex thinking and planning.
During centrifugation, the cells sediment onto the slide. Knowledge of the normal physiology and pathophysiology of csf production. Cerebrospinal fluid in critical illness college of intensive care. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Cerebrospinal fluid examination, csf exam, cerebrospinal fluid abnormality. Lumbar puncture is in most diseases safe but somewhatuncomfortable to the patient, yet while examination of the cerebrospinal fluid c. Slide preparation of cerebrospinal fluid for cytological. Cerebrospinal fluid csf is a clear, colorless body fluid found in the brain and spinal cord. Ultrasonographic examination of the spinal cord and. A guide to neurological examination starting in medical school neurologic examination has remained intimidating for many physicians. Laboratory surveillance of viral meningitis by examination. Cerebrospinal fluid csf analysis is a key tool in the diagnosis of a variety of cns diseases.
Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 456k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Foam test slight foam that disappears normal protein levels take csf in test tube and shake after few minutes the test tube more foam that remains at least for 5 minutes protein lvesl increased 2. A lumbar puncture, in which a needle is inserted into the spinal canal to collect a sample of cerebrospinal fluid csf, can diagnose or exclude meningitis. Thirtysix patients with reactive results in the cerebrospinal fluid to the treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay csftpha were investigated by further serological tests for confirmation of active neurosyphilis. Csf cerebrospinal fluid examination part 2 youtube.
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